In 2024, Electric vehicles are gaining more attention and this year the company is set to see several EV launches from in-house companies and others. Before we can check the components and functions of electric cars you can check the upcoming EVs here.
Electric Car Components and Functions
In this Your EV Finder article we will check the main electric car components and functions of the Electric car but these components (parts) or functions (features) depend on the car type. There are at least four types of electric cars currently sold commercially and operates in the world. We will learn more about the traction batteries, inverters (DC-DC converters), traction motors, on-board chargers and controllers.
How Does An Electric Car Work? (BEV Type)
For the first, you start an electric car and press the car pedal: There is a Controller that regulates electrical energy from batteries and inverters With the controller set, the inverter then sends a certain amount of electrical energy to the motor (according to the depth of pressure on the pedal) Electric motor then converts electrical energy into mechanical energy (rotation) Rotation of the motor rotor rotates the transmission so the wheels turn and then the car moves.
Electric Vehicle Components
Basic Main Components of Electrical Vehicle.
Traction Battery Pack
Battery function in an electric car is as an electrical energy storage system in the form of direct-current electricity (DC). If it gets a signal from the controller, the battery will flow DC electrical energy to the inverter to then be used to drive the motor. The type of battery used is a rechargeable battery that is arranged in such a way as to form what is called a traction battery pack. There are several types of electric car batteries. The most widely used is the type of lithium-ion batteries.
Power Inverter
The inverter basically changes the direct current (DC) to an alternating current (AC) and then this alternating current is used by an electric motor. In addition, the inverter on an electric car also has a function to change the AC current when regenerative braking to DC current and then used to recharge the battery.
Controller
The EV controller receives inputs from four major sensors. Motor speed sensor: Used to measure the motor’s speed. Battery Voltage sensor: It measures the voltage induced in the batter. Throttle position sensor: This sensor is used to measure the position of the throttle pedal. Brake status: It conveys whether the vehicle is in a state of motion or rest.
Electric Traction Motor
For your information, the controller provides electrical power from the traction battery, the electric traction motors will work turning the transmission and wheels. The type of electric motor used is the BLDC (brushless DC) motor.
Charger
A charger is generally known to charge the battery-charging. Chargers get electricity from outside sources, such as the utility grid or solar power plants. AC electricity is converted into DC electricity and then stored in the battery. There are 2 types of electric car chargers: On-board charger: the charger is located and installed in the car Off-board charger: the charger is not located or not installed in the car.
Transmission
The transmission helps move the power generated by the electric traction motor to make the wheels spin.
Advantages of DC-DC converter
It is useful for the converters simplifies the circuitry of the power supply The use of converters deceased the space of battery in circuits and projects It provides organized output in both negative and positive polarities DC controls circuits use this device and voltage regulators use this module
Battery
In an electric drive vehicle, the auxiliary battery provides electricity to power vehicle accessories.
Thermal System Cooling
The thermal system cooling maintains the temperature range of the engine, electric motor, power electronics, and other components.
Charge Port
An electric vehicle charge port allows to connect to an external power supply in order to charge the traction battery pack.
